Pine nuts are produced mainly in the Far East and Mediterranean countries (Tu00fcrkiye, Portugal, Spain and Italy). Global production for 2021/22 totaled 49,000 MT (kernel basis) (Figure 3).
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Over the last five years global pine nut production amounted to ca. 35,000 MT on average.
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China and Russia were the leading producer with 26% and 21% of the world share, respectively. The other countries in the top five were Mongolia, North Korea and Afghanistan (Figure 10).